Islamic Social System and the Clash of Civilizations: Revisiting the Islamic Social Framework in the Light of the Holy Prophet’s Teachings

Abstract

The Islamic social system, deeply rooted in the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), provides a comprehensive framework for societal harmony, justice, and moral conduct. It offers a holistic model that governs individual behavior and collective life, integrating spiritual and temporal aspects of society. Key pillars include the sanctity of family, community solidarity (ummah), economic equity through zakat, and a moral code that regulates social interactions. The theory of clash of civilization is a formidable challenge to Islam in contemporary times . The Islamic social system and Western systems are poles apart .There is a visible difference between Islamic culture and Westren culture. The Western model believes in individualism ,liberalism ,secularism and capitalism .  In contrast, the "Clash of Civilizations" thesis, popularized by Samuel P. Huntington, argues that future conflicts will be driven not by ideological or economic differences, but by cultural and religious identities. Islam and the West are frequently portrayed as central actors in this global cultural friction. This paper explores how the Islamic social system is perceived whether the supposed clash is a product of fundamental civilizational differences or political and historical misunderstandings. By examining both frameworks, the abstract highlights the importance of cross-cultural dialogue and critiques the oversimplification of complex socio-political dynamics. It advocates for a more nuanced understanding of civilizations that considers internal diversity, mutual values, and the potential for coexistence over confrontation. This paper explores the Islamic social system in the context of the global discourse surrounding the "Clash of Civilizations" theory. The Islamic social framework, rooted in the Qur'an and the Sunnah, presents a comprehensive model for organizing family life, gender roles, community relations, and societal values. By emphasizing justice, moral responsibility, and collective welfare, Islam offers a distinct paradigm that contrasts with secular liberal models dominant in the West. The "Clash of Civilizations" thesis, proposed by Samuel Huntington, suggests that future global conflicts will stem from cultural and religious differences rather than ideological or economic factors. This study analyzes how the Islamic worldview is often portrayed as incompatible with Western values, leading to tensions, misunderstandings, and identity-based conflicts. It also addresses whether these perceived conflicts are inevitable or if they stem from political narratives and historical biases. Ultimately, the paper argues for a nuanced understanding of civilizations, encouraging dialogue and mutual respect over confrontation and division.